The Fast Food Industry Essay - 702 Words

The Fast Food Industry There are many arguments whether we are better off living with or without the existence of fast food. It is true that there are many reasons why it is good having fast food chains around us, but at the same time, it isn’t that good either. In this article, I will talk you through whether society is better or worse off with the existence of fast food. The example of fast food chain I would be using for this article will be McDonalds. McDonalds is an example of globalization. They have stores everywhere around the world. They’re not far from having one at the corner of each block. But how are they able to open as many stores as this? The reason†¦show more content†¦Many consumers have filed a lawsuit on McDonalds because of what has happened to them health wise. Obesity is the second most common cause of death after smoking. Eating too much McDonalds causes obesity. This has been portrayed in the documentary, Super Size Me by Morgan Spurlock. In the near future, it has been predicted that deaths caused by obesity will surpass deaths from smokers. Other health problems include coronary heart diseases, diabetes and dental decay. Through health problems, there are not only personal health problems, but also health problems within the community. Some cases that have gone to court alleges that McDonalds products, such as Chicken McNuggets were harmful to an amount further than what was understood by the everyday customer. It alleges that McDonalds promoted its foods as being healthy while researchers, as well as the firm’s own dietetic division in France warned otherwise. Not only that, it has been said also that researchers did warn that some foods should not be consumed more than once a week otherwise consumers may suffer health related problems or disease like I have mentioned above. McDonald’s branches are easily accessible, which makes it convenient for people who don’t have time to cook meals themselves. Not only that, but in most countries, their meals are cheap and affordable for most working class. McDonalds have alsoShow MoreRelatedFast Food And The Food Industry1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe majority of Americans enjoy fast food like bees enjoy their honey. Fast food is hard not to love due to families experiencing fast paced days, parents who work more than 20 hours a week, and having children with picky appetites can be rough. For most American families, it can be a challenge to not consider eating fast food more than once a week. The fast food industry has grown tremendously through the years. The one restaurant that is known all over the world for their golden arches and theirRead MoreFast Food Industry2084 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction The fast-food industry has been developing rapidly and has successfully penetrated majority of the markets globally, at the same time bringing about several significant changes in practices, work and employment relations. Fast-food restaurants are distinguished and characterized by their inexpensive food products prepared in a standardized method that is dispensed to their customers quickly and efficiently for takeaway or dine-in and are usually packaged without the provision of utensilsRead MoreFast Food Industry1506 Words   |  7 PagesTable of Contents: 1) Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 2) Industry Structure Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 3) Five Force Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.3 4) Comparative industry structure analyses †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.5 5) Critical Success Factors Now ...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.5 6) Critical Success Factors in Future...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.7 7) Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.8 6) Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..P.9 Executive Summary: Hong Kong is a city in which efficiency and speed areRead MoreFast Food And The Food Industry979 Words   |  4 Pagesyou see one of the fifty thousand fast food chains in the United States alone (Ransohoff). It might be easy to resist the cheap and easy deliciousness of a McDonald’s cheeseburger for a while, but then you have a long day and cooking seems too tedious for the amount of energy you actually have. Or you are out with friends and the only food options are fast food. That is okay! Today, healthier food options are more accessible in and out of the fast food industry. In today’s world of technology andRead MoreThe Fast Food Industry Essay2085 Words   |  9 Pagesyears old, I got my first job at the most wonderful fast food restaurant ever, Cookout. This was not an ideal job for a 16-year-old. Most teens dream of their first job being in their favorite clothing store, or maybe even their favorite grocery store. I was that teen, but where I am from there are very limited options for 16 year olds so I had to just settle for a fast food restaurant. We have all heard these typical assumptions about fast food employees, they are all uneducated, they work too hardRead MoreFast Food And The Kingdom Of The Fast Foods Industry1532 Words   |  7 Pagesof the fast food industry. Since White Castle, which was known as the first fast food chain in the United States, was established by Walter Anderson and Edgar Waldo â€Å"Billy† Ingram in 1921 (Kieler), other fast food chains also emerged such as McDonalds, Taco bell, Burger King, or Wendyâ₠¬â„¢s after 1941 (Wilson). Among those various fast food chains, especially, McDonalds became the biggest fast food chain not only in the overall America but also all around the world (Wilson). Nowadays, fast food is servingRead MoreThe Fast Food Industry1246 Words   |  5 Pageschanged their spending habits in particular food. This has lead fast food joints to profits, proving that there is an upside to our low economy Todays industry faces high real-estate prices and highway strips teeming with fast-fooleries, there is now one restaurant for every 2,700 Americans, compared with one for every 7,000 in the late 1970s (Clark). Chains have been branching out into sports arenas, airports, hospitals, colleges, turnpike stops, mall food courts, kiosks, airline in-flight meal servicesRead MoreFast Fashion On Fast Food Industry2279 Words   |  10 PagesSlow Fashion Fast fashion is a force that needs constant change from retailers; new garments and new trends cycle out as fast as a bi-weekly basis, putting pressure on the industry to sell fast and cheap to the consumer. However, with the news publishing more articles about the working conditions in factories, comparable to the Rana Plaza disaster in Bangladesh, and the run-off pollution these factories produce, the consumer is demanding more transparency in the supply chain. The introduction toRead MoreThe Effects Of Fast Food On The Food Industry2086 Words   |  9 PagesFast Food is the term given to food that can be prepared and served quickly. Typically the term refers to food sold in an economical restaurant served to the customer for eating there or elsewhere but, any meal with low preparation time can be considered to be fast food. It might seem harmless, satisfy your hunger, and be cheap, but research has shown there are more severe consequences beyond just gaining a couple pounds. T he food industry is run very intelligently in that they have many cleverRead MoreEssay on Fast Food Industry968 Words   |  4 Pagesworld has become so fast paced that everything is rushed. Almost every aspect of life has become industrialized. Food and the way it is prepared is no exception to this world that always appears to be in fast forward. The fast food industry has revolutionized how and what people eat. The public has begun to consume more fast food and the problem is that people do not know what they are eating. If the concept of a nutritious meal is thrown out the window for the convenience of fast food then the health

Richard A. Epstein’s Thinking the Unthinkable Organ...

Richard A. Epstein’s Thinking the Unthinkable: Organ Sales Richard A. Epstein’s â€Å"Thinking the Unthinkable: Organ Sales† (2005) is an argument trying to convince people that selling human organs is acceptable in order to increase the availability for those in need of an organ transplant. Epstein says money will motivate more people to donate their organs to those in need. He also looks at the argument from the point of the recipient of the organ and argues that the expense of buying an organ will not increase the price of getting an organ transplant. Obviously, people who are rich already have an easier time getting an organ transplant. The rich can more easily afford the costs; the poor will not have any more of a cost†¦show more content†¦The reason for the shortage is many people do not donate. This shortage keeps people from getting the essential organs needed to save their lives. He says we must help out our fellow humans by selling much needed organs to those who cannot live without them. Few people wou ld disagree with the fact that it is morally right to help save another’s life. Donating organs is a selfless act that can save another person’s life; Epstein wants to put less emphasis on donating organs as a selfless act and more emphasis receiving a reward for helping out another person. If a person is being compensated for the organ they are giving, then they are not actually donating it to someone else. The person is not making a sacrifice to help someone who is suffering. If the person who provides the organ receives money for the organ, that person is not showing compassion to the dying patient and the patient’s family. In many cases, the organ failure is not the patient’s fault, so why should the patient have to pay for an organ, especially if the donor is already dead and the organ will just be left to decay. The patient does not need any other costs; they already have enormous costs in order to be in the hospital and have the transplant s urgery. The average cost of a transplant is already extremely high without the added cost of the actual organ. The average cost for the entire procedure of an organ transplant in 2002 could cost anywhere

Conveying a Purpose by the Use of Tone free essay sample

The tone of an essay reveals to readers who the author and gives them a sense of the writers personality. Tone tells the reader why the author is writing about their chosen subject. Both Barry and Pollitt are comparing the differences in men and women but their reasons for it and outlook about it vary greatly. Barry seems to celebrate these differences and make light of them while Pollitt explores the causes and effects of the differences. Katha Pollitt’s is most effective at revealing herself and her views through the tone of her essay. Tone can be set from the first sentence written or a single word used in one incidence in a paper. The words one chooses, voice inflection, pitch, or slang expressions determine how people interpret the intent of verbal conversation; tone does the same for writing. Tone lets the reader know if the writer intends to be humorous or serious, casual or formal. We will write a custom essay sample on Conveying a Purpose by the Use of Tone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The words an author chooses to use in their writing leads the reader to make decisions about the writer’s attitude toward their subject. Pollitt says â€Å"The Cut and Style Barbie styling head, for example, a grotesque object. Her use of the word grotesque makes a strong statement about her feelings toward this toy for girls. Throughout her essay Katha Pollitt takes a stand on her subject, she creates her tone in the first paragraph and builds on it throughout her essay. In Katha Pollitt’s essay, Why Boys Don’t Play with Dolls she opens with the following line; â€Å"It’s 28 years since the founding of NOW, and boys still like trucks and girls still like dolls. † The title, with the use of contractions, suggests something other than formal writing and lends to the tone of her writing. After reading the opening sentence she seems put off and perhaps even disgusted and sarcastic in her tone. Pollitt maintains this throughout her essay. She uses phrases like â€Å"we don’t need†, â€Å"It hasn’t even†, â€Å"I’m at a† and â€Å"just don’t understand†. Pollitt’s continuing use of contractions was a good technique. It allowed the essay to speak to the everyman or more correctly the everywoman. If she had chosen to write in a formal tone this same essay would read as a mere rant by a feminist, leftist with a hidden agenda instead of being able to maintain the disguise of nothing more than an informative essay published in the New York Times. In the Dave Barry’s essay, Batting Clean-Up and Striking Out, he begins to set the tone of his writing from the first sentence as well. Barry begins his writing with, â€Å"The primary difference between men and women is that women can see extremely small quantities of dirt. † Right away the reader assumes the essay is about the differences in men and women. Since women do not actually have the ability to see extremely small quantities of dirt due to genetic makeup, the reader can assume a humorous tone is in use. Although both essays are about differences in the sexes each rely on differing styles to convey contrary tones in them. While Barry conveys a light, fun tone to his essay Pollitt desires to make a point on something she feels passionate about. These skilled writers speak to their intended audiences by establishing a tone in their essays allowing readers to make an emotional connection. Both essays could possible appeal to both men and women but the target audience is more like be women in Pollitt’s essay. The first sentence of Pollitt’s essay even references the organization NOW, NOW stands for the National Organization for Women. According to the organizations website, NOW is an organization â€Å"dedicated to making legal, political, social and economic change in our society in order to achieve our goal, which is to eliminate sexism and end all oppression. † By referring to NOW in her essay, right away she begins to establish a tone. Although the essay’s aim is to inform it is more likely to fuel debate for the readers unlike Barry’s writing. Each author is successful in knowing who their target audiences are and the tone of each essay helps the authors achieve their goals. Each writer revealed their personalities but there is no question after reading Why Boys Don’t Play with Dolls, what Pollitt’s position is on her topic. Barry’s writing is effective and does reveal his humorous outlook on male/female issues but Pollitt leaves no doubt, she sees no humor in the difference she only seeks to prove outside influences determine those differences. It is easy to read Dave Barry and be entertained and amused and perhaps never think of his essay again. Katha Pollitt’s writing is not as easily forgotten. Whether the readers are inspired or annoyed by what they have read, chances are they remember it.

Nuclear Power Essays (1468 words) - Nuclear Technology,

Nuclear Power Most of the world's electricity is generated by either thermal or hydroelectric power plants. Thermal power plants use fuel to boil water which makes steam. The steam turns turbines that generate electricity. Hydroelectric power plants use the great force of rushing water from a dam or a waterfall to turn the turbines. The majority of thermal power plants burn fossil fuels because thermal power plants are cheaper to maintain and have to meet less of the governments requirements compared to nuclear power plants. Fossil fuels are coal and oil. The downfall of using fossil fuels is that they are limited. Fossil fuels are developed from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. Burning fossil fuels has other downfalls, too. All the burning that is required to turn the turbines releases much sulfur, nitrogen gases, and other pollutants into the atmosphere. The cleanest, cheapest, and least polluting power plant of the two types is the hydroelectric power plant. The main reason most countries use thermal versus the hydroelectric is because their countries don't have enough concentrated water to create enough energy to generate electricity. (World Book vol. 14, 586) Nuclear power plants generate only about eleven percent of the world's electricity. There are around 316 nuclear power plants in the world that create 213,000 megawatts of electricity. (INFOPEDIA) Radioactive, or nuclear, waste is the by-product of nuclear fission. Fission occurs when atoms' nucleus' split and cause a nuclear reaction. (General Information) When a free neutron splits a nucleus, energy is released along with free neutrons, fission fragments that give off beta rays, and gamma rays. A free neutron from the nucleus that just split splits another nucleus. This process continues on and is called a chain reaction. (World Book vol. 14, 588) The fission process is used to create heat, which boils water inside the nuclear reactor. The steam that boiling the water makes is used to turn turbines, which in turn, generate electricity. Fission happens inside a carefully monitored nuclear reactor, when being used in a nuclear power plant. The fission process that nuclear power plants use spends approximately 30,000 tons of highly radioactive waste a year. (General Information) In a nuclear power plant, Uranium is used as fuel to boil the water for the steam that makes the turbines turn. So, uranium is, in a sense, the coal of a coal-fired power plant. When fueling nuclear power plants, the uranium arrives as uranium-enriched pellets. These pellets are an equivalent to one ton of coal. The pellets are sealed in tubes that are made of a strong heat- and corrosion-resistant metal alloy. This metal alloy will protect people and the environment from the high levels of radiation that the uranium is giving off. The tubes are bundled together to make a fuel assembly. The assemblies are put inside the reactor to create heat that will boil the water. The fuel assemblies are used until they are depleted. A fuel assembly is depleted when it no longer gives off enough energy to turn the turbines. Once every year, one third of the nuclear fuel in a reactor is replaced with fresh fuel. The used-up fuel is called spent fuel. Spent fuel is highly radioactive and is the primary form of high-level nuclear waste. (General Information) High-level radioactive waste is the by-product of commercial nuclear power plants generating electricity, and from nuclear materials production at defense facilities. This high-level waste must be isolated in a safe place for thousands of years so its radioactivity can die down and not be harmful to people and the environment. The name of the safe place that the Department of Energy is trying to make is called a repository. But until a repository is made, spent fuel and high-level waste is being stored in temporary storage facilities called dry casks and cooling pools. By the end of the year 2000, there will be more than 40,000 metric tons of high-level waste in casks and storage pools. There will also be more than 8,000 metric tons of high-level waste from defense programs. The high-level waste from defense programs is currently being stored in Idaho, South Carolina, and Washington. (General Information) Reprocessing is the chemical process by which uranium and plutonium

Free Essays on Jihad Vs Mcworld

Benjamin Barber's book â€Å"Jihad vs Mcworld is commentary on capitalism and nationalism and the conflicts between them. Jihad is characterized as tribalism, while Mcworld is characterized by capitalism and consumerism. Barber maintains that Jihad would not be so powerful if the rampant forces of capitalism were not subverting their traditions and customs. Berber talks about America's use of different energy sources. He states 63 million barrels of oil per day were pumped at the peak of global production in 1979 and was between 59 and 60 million barrels per day from 1989 to when the book was published in 1995 (Berber 39). Since the book was published, world oil production has risen above the previous peak to an average of 68 million barrels per day in 2003. This trend of increased consumption and production will continue to rise. According to The Department of Energy, world demand for oil will be 119 million barrels of oil per day by 2025, with the largest increases in China, India, and other developing countries. csmonitor.com/2004/0129/p14s01-wogi.html American consumption of oil fell from the peak of 11.30 million barrels per day in 1970 to 9 million barrels per day in 1990(Berber 41). Berber predicts that America will have to import 75% of the oil it uses by 2010. This has almost come to pass as America domestically produces only 5.7 million barrels per day and uses 20 million barrels per day(msnbc.msn.com/id/4542853/ gravmag.com/oil.html#imports ).eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/topworldtables3_4.htmlwhich was an increase of usage of 1.5 million barrels per day since 2002. When Jihad vs Mcworld was published, China imported no oil. Since then, China has became the second largest importer of oil in 2003 with and will likely take the title of the largest consumer of oil from the United States in the future due to the much larger population and an explosion of automobile usage. Currently Chi... Free Essays on Jihad Vs McWorld Free Essays on Jihad Vs McWorld Benjamin Barber's book â€Å"Jihad vs Mcworld is commentary on capitalism and nationalism and the conflicts between them. Jihad is characterized as tribalism, while Mcworld is characterized by capitalism and consumerism. Barber maintains that Jihad would not be so powerful if the rampant forces of capitalism were not subverting their traditions and customs. Berber talks about America's use of different energy sources. He states 63 million barrels of oil per day were pumped at the peak of global production in 1979 and was between 59 and 60 million barrels per day from 1989 to when the book was published in 1995 (Berber 39). Since the book was published, world oil production has risen above the previous peak to an average of 68 million barrels per day in 2003. This trend of increased consumption and production will continue to rise. According to The Department of Energy, world demand for oil will be 119 million barrels of oil per day by 2025, with the largest increases in China, India, and other developing countries. csmonitor.com/2004/0129/p14s01-wogi.html American consumption of oil fell from the peak of 11.30 million barrels per day in 1970 to 9 million barrels per day in 1990(Berber 41). Berber predicts that America will have to import 75% of the oil it uses by 2010. This has almost come to pass as America domestically produces only 5.7 million barrels per day and uses 20 million barrels per day(msnbc.msn.com/id/4542853/ gravmag.com/oil.html#imports ).eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/topworldtables3_4.htmlwhich was an increase of usage of 1.5 million barrels per day since 2002. When Jihad vs Mcworld was published, China imported no oil. Since then, China has became the second largest importer of oil in 2003 with and will likely take the title of the largest consumer of oil from the United States in the future due to the much larger population and an explosion of automobile usage. Currently Chi... Free Essays on Jihad Vs Mcworld Jihad And McWorld In a changing world, there are two known political futures: Jihad and Mc World. They are complete opposites of each other. Benjamin Barber writes, â€Å" One driven by parochial hatreds, the other by universalizing markets, the one re-creating ancient sub national and ethnic borders from within, the other making national borders porous from without (53)†. They offer no future for any kind of democracy. The Jihad is the war between cultures, countries, and tribes. The Mc World is the â€Å"fast music, fast computers, and fast food (53)†. Mc World is tied together by technology, ecology, communications, and commerce. Jihad best describes the situation between Israel and Palestine. The war in the nations between the two different cultures can be called a modern day Jihad. On the other hand, The McWorld can best describe the conditions in The U.S. and Other Western European countries, like France, Great Britain, and China. The following article is a summary of Jihad, Mc World, and their characteristics after September 11. The Mc World is the more formal way of life in the U.S. We live in a fast-paced world and real a lot on globalization. These are two more qualities of a Mc World. The McWorld is made of four imperatives: Market, Resource, Information-technology, and ecological. Barber writes, â€Å" by shrinking the world and diminishing the salience of national borders, the imperatives have in combination achieved a considerable victory over factious and particularize, and not least of all over nationalism (54)†. The market imperative is the method in which markets of free trade, open banking, and enforceable contracts are eroding national sovereignty. The market imperative has led to the quest for international peace and stability. The markets are enemies of war and isolation. The market imperative is very powerful, but it is not in agreement with democracy. The resource imperative is the ...

Exponential Functions - How to Find the Starting Value

Exponential Functions - How to Find the Starting Value Exponential functions tell the stories of explosive change. The two types of exponential functions are exponential growth and exponential decay. Four variables - percent change, time, the amount at the beginning of the time period, and the amount at the end of the time period - play roles in exponential functions. This article focuses on how to find the amount at the beginning of the time period, a. Exponential Growth Exponential growth: the change that occurs when an original amount is increased by a consistent rate over a period of time Exponential Growth in Real Life: Values of home pricesValues of investmentsIncreased membership of a popular social networking site Heres an exponential growth function: y a(1 b)x y: Final amount remaining over a period of timea: The original amountx: TimeThe growth factor is (1 b).The variable, b, is percent change in decimal form. Exponential Decay Exponential decay: the change that occurs when an original amount is reduced by a consistent rate over a period of time Exponential Decay in Real Life: Decline of Newspaper ReadershipDecline of strokes in the U.S.Number of people remaining in a hurricane-stricken city Heres an exponential decay function: y a(1-b)x y: Final amount remaining after the decay over a period of timea: The original amountx: TimeThe decay factor is (1-b).The variable, b, is percent decrease in decimal form. Purpose of Finding the Original Amount Six years from now, perhaps you want to pursue an undergraduate degree at Dream University. With a $120,000 price tag, Dream University evokes financial night terrors. After sleepless nights, you, Mom, and Dad meet with a financial planner. Your parents bloodshot eyes clear up when the planner reveals an investment with an 8% growth rate that can help your family reach the $120,000 target. Study hard. If you and your parents invest $75,620.36 today, then Dream University will become your reality. How to Solve for the Original Amount of an Exponential Function This function describes the exponential growth of the investment: 120,000 a(1 .08)6 120,000: Final amount remaining after 6 years.08: Yearly growth rate6: The number of years for the investment to growa: The initial amount that your family invested Hint: Thanks to the symmetric property of equality, 120,000 a(1 .08)6 is the same as a(1 .08)6 120,000. (Symmetric property of equality: If 10 5 15, then 15 10 5.) If you prefer to rewrite the equation with the constant, 120,000, on the right of the equation, then do so. a(1 .08)6 120,000 Granted, the equation doesnt look like a linear equation (6a $120,000), but its solvable. Stick with it! a(1 .08)6 120,000 Be careful: Do not solve this exponential equation by dividing 120,000 by 6. Its a tempting math no-no. 1. Use Order of Operations to simplify. a(1 .08)6 120,000 a(1.08)6 120,000 (Parenthesis) a(1.586874323) 120,000 (Exponent) 2. Solve by Dividing a(1.586874323) 120,000 a(1.586874323)/(1.586874323) 120,000/(1.586874323) 1a 75,620.35523 a 75,620.35523 The original amount, or the amount that your family should invest, is approximately $75,620.36. 3. Freeze -youre not done yet. Use order of operations to check your answer. 120,000 a(1 .08)6 120,000 75,620.35523(1 .08)6 120,000 75,620.35523(1.08)6 (Parenthesis) 120,000 75,620.35523(1.586874323) (Exponent) 120,000 120,000 (Multiplication) Practice Exercises: Answers and Explanations Here are examples of how to solve for the original amount, given the exponential function: 84 a(1.31)7Use Order of Operations to simplify.84 a(1.31)7 (Parenthesis) 84 a(6.620626219) (Exponent)Divide to solve.84/6.620626219 a(6.620626219)/6.62062621912.68762157 1a12.68762157 aUse Order of Operations to check your answer.84 12.68762157(1.31)7 (Parenthesis)84 12.68762157(6.620626219) (Exponent)84 84 (Multiplication)a(1 -.65)3 56Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.35)3 56 (Parenthesis)a(.042875) 56 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.042875)/.042875 56/.042875a 1,306.122449Use Order of Operations to check your answer.a(1 -.65)3 561,306.122449(.35)3 56 (Parenthesis)1,306.122449(.042875) 56 (Exponent)56 56 (Multiply)a(1 .10)5 100,000Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(1.10)5 100,000 (Parenthesis)a(1.61051) 100,000 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(1.61051)/1.61051 100,000/1.61051a 62,092.13231Use Order of Operations to check your answer.62,092.13231(1 .10)5 100,00062,092.13231(1.10)5 100,000 (Parenthesis)62,092.13231(1.61051) 100,000 (Exponent)100,000 100,00 0 (Multiply) 8,200 a(1.20)15Use Order of Operations to simplify.8,200 a(1.20)15 (Exponent)8,200 a(15.40702157)Divide to solve.8,200/15.40702157 a(15.40702157)/15.40702157532.2248665 1a532.2248665 aUse Order of Operations to check your answer.8,200 532.2248665(1.20)158,200 532.2248665(15.40702157) (Exponent)8,200 8200 (Well, 8,199.9999...Just a bit of a rounding error.) (Multiply.)a(1 -.33)2 1,000Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.67)2 1,000 (Parenthesis)a(.4489) 1,000 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.4489)/.4489 1,000/.44891a 2,227.667632a 2,227.667632Use Order of Operations to check your answer.2,227.667632(1 -.33)2 1,0002,227.667632(.67)2 1,000 (Parenthesis)2,227.667632(.4489) 1,000 (Exponent)1,000 1,000 (Multiply)a(.25)4 750Use Order of Operations to simplify.a(.00390625) 750 (Exponent)Divide to solve.a(.00390625)/00390625 750/.003906251a 192,000a 192,000Use Order of Operations to check your answer.192,000(.25)4 750192,000(.00390625) 750750 750

Report on current strategic marketing plan for Sonic Drive Ins Assignment

Report on current strategic marketing plan for Sonic Drive Ins - Assignment Example The company also aims at increasing its revenues and market share as it becomes the preferred destination for fast drive in restaurant. Sonics drive in style of service as well as the unique menu and orders delivered by Carhop makes it highly differentiated and preferred in the quick service restaurant industry. Moreover, the unique signature menu items made when one orders like six inch premium beef hot dogs, foot long quarter pounds Coney’s and chicken sandwiches makes it competitive (SONICÃÆ'‚ ® Drive-In, n.d.). The company also derives its strength from the fresh made onion rings, tater totes and over a million drink choices. The variety of foods and drinks offered gives customers a wide range to choose from. Sonics customers also enjoy the drive-thru services and patio dining at most of their locations. The company’s also brags of continued increase in the financial performance amidst expansion plans adopted in 2013. In 2013, the company noted an increase of 2.3% in sales of system-wide same store, a 60$ basis point improvement in drive-in level margins and a 20% rise in the earning per share on an adjusted basis (SONICÃÆ'‚ ® Drive-In, n.d.). Good financial performance has made the company remain competitive in the industry. Finally, the company boasts of their innovative products, friendly service and their ability to engage with the customers through effective advertising and better media effectiveness which increased sales. Other areas that makes the company competitive is the focus made on healthier options with the introduction of freshly brewed diet green tea and premium chicken sandwich and egg burritos (Panczel, 2010). The company has a marketing function charged with the role of creating awareness of the company’s products. Currently the department runs a â€Å"Two guys† creative campaign geared at reaching the greatest number of customers through advertising. The company has a central

An Aspect of the Discussed TED Sustainability Strategy Research Paper

An Aspect of the Discussed TED Sustainability Strategy - Research Paper Example One of the most illustrative and abundant sources of ideas in the historic legacy of textile and apparel area is ethnic and folk costumes (Jenkyn Jones, 2005, p.19). In this respect, use of design details typical for traditional outfits of different cultures and epochs might become the great experience for a designer, as it opens the endless range of embellishment techniques, patterns and materials. Particularly, most traditional costumes date back to the past centuries, when people were closer and friendlier to the environment, applying the gifts of nature in the least ecologically hazardous way and reflecting their culture, values and symbols in clothes. Probably, the most recent example of this strategy’s application is the collection Spring/Summer 2015 created by the designers of Valentino, where the motifs of East-Slavic peoples were turned into sheer art. The collection consisted of women’s clothing models with the strong folk element, namely, lavish use of tradit ional East-European embroidery and materials such as sheep wool and linen. The artist’s homeland was the territory of modern Belarus, and the models illustrate traditional Slavic motifs explicitly: contrastive embroidery – predominantly in red and black, natural linen textures and waistcoats of sheep pelt. Moreover, this fashion design specimen demonstrates eco-friendliness, as the clothes were created in natural colours with virtually no dying, and, as it is well known that dyes used for fabrics contain environmentally harmful chemicals.

Indian girl Essay Example for Free

Indian girl Essay He was a good husband. No one could deny it. He let her have her own way, indulged her, even. When the kitchen was remodelled, for example, and she wanted pink and grey tiles even though he preferred white. White. A clean colour. A colour he believed to be innocent, just like his wife.  He was traditional as an Indian man could get. He had expectations from his wife. Demands that had to be fulfilled.  She would dress as he would tell her too, sleep with him when he wanted her to.   Not only that, she would provide him with a son and a daughter. The duty of every Indian wife was to give their husband a child, regardless of whether they wanted to or not. He would be the provider in this relationship. She would cook and clean at home while he worked.  It was tradition after all and he was very traditional.  However, when he did put his foot down he would often soften his nos with kind remarks. There had been two occasions that he strongly remembered in which he had to be firm. Like when she wanted to get a job and go back to school or buy English clothes.  Nobody in his family had ever worn English clothes, except for the men that is.  His mother, his mothers mother and sisters had always dressed in Indian clothesno matter what the occasion. He preferred Indian clothes on his wife too. After all they hid her body. The loose blouses didnt reveal her breasts like some English tops or show an unnecessary amount of cleavage. The endless mounds of fabric concealed his wifes legs and waistline.  He believed his wifes body was just for him to look at. Why tempt other men to look at his wifes curvaceous hips or low cut neckline?  The soft remarks that often accommodated his nos were mostly, What for? Im here to take care of you or You look so much prettier in your Indian clothes, so much more feminine. He would pull her to his lap and give her a kiss and cuddle, which usually ended with him taking her to the bedroom. That was another area where he had to be firm. Sex. His wife was constantly pleading with him, Please, not tonight. He didnt mind that. She was, after all, a well-bred Indian girl.  She had good Indian values that he felt all Indian women should have. Her dreams in life were those of his mothers. She wanted to marry, have children and live a contented life in a glorious home. She was conservative and an introvert. Not a woman who would cause him embarrassment in front of friends and family. Timidsomeone who needed support and he believed that he was indeed the support she needed. But her reluctance went beyond womanly modesty.  After dinner for instance, she would start on the most convoluted household projects, soaping down the floors, changing the liners in the cabinets. The night before she had disappeared shed started cleaning the windows, taking out the Window cleaner and rags as soon as shed put the boy to bed, even though he had mumbled, Lets go.  Surely he couldnt be blamed for raising his voice at those times (though never so much to wake his son) or for grabbing her by the elbow and pulling her to the bed, like he did the night before she disappeared. He was always careful not to hurt her, he prided himself on that. Not even a little slap. And he always told himself hed stop if she really begged him, if she cried, After some time, though, she would quit struggling and let him do what he wanted. But that was nothing new. That could have nothing to do with the disappearanceafter all that was his right.  His grandfather had done the same with his wife, his father had treated his mother the same way too and she had turned out fine hadnt she?  So, why should he have treated his wife differently? She too was an Indian woman and for generations Indian women had been afflicted upon. So what made her so special? Why couldnt he behave the same way with his wife as his male ancestors had with theirs? Two weeks passed and there was no news of Zeneve, even though the husband had put a notice in the local newspaper as well as a half-page ad in India West, which hed photocopied and taped to all the neighbourhood lampposts. The ad had a photo of her, a close up taken in too bright sunlight where she gazed gravely at something beyond the camera.  How on earth will you come up with that kind of money? asked his friends. The husband confessed it would be difficult, but hed manage somehow. His wife was more important to him, after all, than all the money in the world. And to prove it he went to the bank the very same day and brought home a sheaf of forms to fill in so that he could take out a second mortgage on the house. He kept calling the police station, too, but the police werent much help. (They were working on it apparently.) Theyd checked the local hospitals and morgues, the sheltersbut there were no leads. It didnt look very hopeful.  So finally he called India over a faulty long-distance connection that made his voice echo eerily in his ear. He told his mother what had happened.  My poor boy! she wailed. Left all alone (the word flickered unpleasantly across his brain, left, left.)  How can you possibly cope with the household and a child as well? she added. And when he admitted that yes, it was very difficult, could she perhaps come and help out for a while if wasnt too much trouble, she replied Of course! Ill come right away and stay as long as you need me too and what was all this English nonsense about too much trouble? Youre my only son arent you? She even said that she would contact the wifes family too so he wouldnt have to deal with that awkwardness. He was relieved at his mothers kind gesture. How could he possibly face his in-laws at a time like this? How would he tell them that there one and only daughter may never come back?  Within a week his mother had closed up the little flat she had lived in since her husbands death, got hold of a special family emergency visa and was on her way. Almost as though shed been waiting for something like this to happen, said some of the women spitefully. These were his wifes friends, though in his opinion, acquitances would be a more accurate word. His wife had liked to keep to herself, which had been just fine with him. He was glad, hed told her several times, that she didnt spend hours chattering on the phone like the other Indian wives.  He was livid when this gossip reached him (perhaps because he had the same insidious thought for a moment, when at the airport, he noticed just how happy his mother looked.) Really he asserted to his friends, some people see only what they want to see. Dont you think it is a good thing she has come over?

Achieving Dreams :: essays research papers

â€Å"If you can imagine it, you can achieve it. If you can dream it, you can become it†. As the saying goes by William A. Ward. I am sure that you have understood the topic, the topic is, DREAMS. Dreams are nothing but the thoughts and ideas of ones mind. They predict the character of the person. If ones thoughts are good they he/she will see good dreams and if someone’s thoughts are bad they he/she will se bad dreams. From the above line it is clear that dreams are good or bad, intentions of people. All of us dream, several times at night. It is believed by some that we sleep in order that we may dream. Dreams can come true if somebody makes them true, as the saying goes, â€Å"A dream is just a dream, unless you make it come true†. Dreams provide us the actual picture of our thoughts. Dreams may tell us about any physical event which took place with us or which is going to happen with us. The dream is trying to inform the dreamer about his condition in any walk of life. Basically, we can dream about anything logical or illogical, fictious or non-fictious and reasonable or unreasonable. Dreams can often give some people good ideas, which they could not imagine. It is said that Robert Louis Stevenson got his idea for Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde from a dream. But some people think that they are not able to apply these ideas in their life so there is a well-known saying about them which says that: â€Å"IF YOU CAN DREAM IT, YOU CAN DO IT†. Mean to say that whatever one watches in dream he/she should try to implement it in his/her personal life and if that idea is good one that one should also pass it to others and also ask them to implement it on their lives as well. In somebody’s darkest or boring hour, dream can give somebody hope, courage and determination to some creative work which somebody has not done before. All successful people are big dreamers. They imagine what their future could be ideal or bad. Generally, everybody in this world dreams, but everybody has not aggressiveness to work out on the ideas that they got in their dream. Achieving Dreams :: essays research papers â€Å"If you can imagine it, you can achieve it. If you can dream it, you can become it†. As the saying goes by William A. Ward. I am sure that you have understood the topic, the topic is, DREAMS. Dreams are nothing but the thoughts and ideas of ones mind. They predict the character of the person. If ones thoughts are good they he/she will see good dreams and if someone’s thoughts are bad they he/she will se bad dreams. From the above line it is clear that dreams are good or bad, intentions of people. All of us dream, several times at night. It is believed by some that we sleep in order that we may dream. Dreams can come true if somebody makes them true, as the saying goes, â€Å"A dream is just a dream, unless you make it come true†. Dreams provide us the actual picture of our thoughts. Dreams may tell us about any physical event which took place with us or which is going to happen with us. The dream is trying to inform the dreamer about his condition in any walk of life. Basically, we can dream about anything logical or illogical, fictious or non-fictious and reasonable or unreasonable. Dreams can often give some people good ideas, which they could not imagine. It is said that Robert Louis Stevenson got his idea for Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde from a dream. But some people think that they are not able to apply these ideas in their life so there is a well-known saying about them which says that: â€Å"IF YOU CAN DREAM IT, YOU CAN DO IT†. Mean to say that whatever one watches in dream he/she should try to implement it in his/her personal life and if that idea is good one that one should also pass it to others and also ask them to implement it on their lives as well. In somebody’s darkest or boring hour, dream can give somebody hope, courage and determination to some creative work which somebody has not done before. All successful people are big dreamers. They imagine what their future could be ideal or bad. Generally, everybody in this world dreams, but everybody has not aggressiveness to work out on the ideas that they got in their dream.

Point of sale system Essay

Introduction Most of this day the business organizations are using latest technology to ease their transaction and to improve their business process to another level. They are now applying computerized systems to their transactions according to their needs. Point of sale system is one of the most systems that are used of many businesses. It helps to improve the process and to fasten the transaction with the customers. Point of sale system is commonly used in fast food chain, pharmacy store, grocery store and some of the business that needs to monitor their transactions, sales and financial status. Creating a point of sale system of a facial care center can also improve their business transaction with their customers and can also help them to improve their business process. As the proponents see within the transaction of the Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center, they are using simple application but the feature of that application was very limited and prone for human errors that can cause of business conflict. The Proponents propose the Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System to help the facial care center in terms of security, reliability and accuracy of every transaction. From manual process, this system transforms the transaction into a modern way that will benefit a lot especially the cashier, employees, customers and the owner. Background of the study Most this days, many companies and businesses want to enhance and have a great technology to improve and make the jobs easily. A new generation comes, the point of sale system invented. Truly, it is so very helpful in companies and businesses locally and internationally. The Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System was created for the development of transaction for this facial care center. It will be used to help the business for a better and easy transaction. Also it has lot of features that surely help the business. Before, beau’ secret skin  essences facial care center doesn’t have a system. They using a manual computation, auditing, checking, sorting, finding and many more that was so embarrassing even they have hundreds of products. In addition, this proposed system will surely help the business to change from manual to automatic and over whelming transaction. Statement of the problem General Problem: The foregoing study aims to develop Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System that will serve as a tool of beau’ secret skin essences facial care center to enhance and to have a better transaction performance. Specific Problems: 1. Is Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System fulfilling the needs of the cashier and manager? 2. How Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System lessens the days of accounting, adjustments, and inventory and would help the business grow? 3. How Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System secure cash receipts, audit inventory away from the theft that wants to gather some data from the business? General Objective: To find useful tools that will help to make a complete and accurate point of sale system. Specific Objective: 1. It fulfills the needs of the user specifically the manager and cashier because it accommodates the common problems when it comes to transactions, business process and lessens the common human errors. 2. Point of sale would make audit easier. Less errors with a systemized way of reducing the days of audit into hours with just one click away. Adjustment would not require that much more anymore since everything is already arranged in the system ready for review. Gain in profit would be most likely. Since the system is already doing the compilation of all incoming and outgoing transactions with the supply of products, earned money and money lost in the process. This will definitely be beneficial for the growth of Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center. 3. In retail, it’s important to keep tight control over cash receipts to prevent theft. The Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System will provide log-in and password program. This is the best way to secure all audited files of the business that only the manager and administrator can open, check for status, add inventory, edit the audited files and print the files. Significance of the study The following persons are the beneficiaries of Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System. Manager – He / She will know the reliable result of total net, payouts and expenses of the business. Cashier – Less effort on calculating transaction. Proponents – The proposed study will be their guide and will help them to improve their skills and hard work. INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT Conceptual Framework Figure 1.1 Scope and limitations of the study Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System has its  own capacity and scope of operation as well as its own limitation and incapable to do. Scope The study can do easy and faster transaction, do printing like receipt using this system, saving list of the data and manage the sales of the facial care center. It can accept barcode reading and count the number of each product in inventory list and it has a meter percentage and message alert so that the user can check and be warned for their inventory list. It recognizes the availability of the stocks and inventory in the store. It will be friendly user and easy to understand the whole features inside of it. It is composed of textboxes, checkboxes and buttons, each of products will be arranged by group, it will be properly labeled accordingly. In addition, the system has a tool form where the register log-in account and settings of the system can be seen. It will work compatibly with the use of windows Microsoft from server 2008 up to windows 7. Limitations Only the administrator can operate the tools form of the system. The foregoing study does not require an internet connection. The barcode system can be performed by typing the item number. The foregoing study will only run with the use of Microsoft windows operating system and will be limited to other operating systems. Definition of terms The operational and technical terms that used for Beau’ Secret Skin Essences Facial Care Center Point of Sale System. Operational Terms Log – In – For Security of the system. User requires entering two important data, username and password. Inputs – Information fed into a data processing system or computer. Process – A series of actions or operations conducing to an end. Outputs – The information produced by the system. POS – The place where sales are made. On a micro level, retailers consider a point of sale to be the area surrounding the counter where customers pay. Technical Terms Visual Basic – The third generation event – driven. Programming – Programming language and integrated development environment from Microsoft for its COM programming model. IPO (Input Process Output) – one of the most fundamental designs patterns and makes perfect sense. HIPO (Hierarchical Input Process Output) – Technique which a tool for planning and/or documenting a computer program. It consist of hierarchy chart and IPO charts. CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Local Literature EasyPos (DPos) Source: http://easypos.com.ph/ Findings: In this system, it has a barcode reader, monitors the log in and log out of the staff in time, monitors the inventory, can print receipt, computes the salary of each staff, automatically creates database for each customer and have the ability to handle specials and coupons. DPos is a Windows ® based point of sale system custom built for the retail industry, with a strong focus on the bar, restaurant, resort and hotel business models. Various login profiles allow for certain levels of access to utilities, maintenance and reports. Serving staff can be restricted to only placing orders, cashiers access to cash register, managers to reports and an administrator complete access to amend, add and delete items. SUPRA RETAIL PLUS v2013 Source: http://www.posworldphilippines.com/possoftwares.html Findings: This system has a report generator that helps the user to produce any kind of reports that is needed by the user. Supra Plus has been specifically developed the ultimate architecture of Windows-based Point of Sale (POS) system to satisfy various retail  requirements. Provide systems for Fast foods, Bars and Restaurants. SUPRA PLUS is an operating precision-engineered DELPHI Language programs designed exclusively to perform cash register operations on a computer. This compact and brilliantly constructed software product performs virtually every cashier operation known to Human with lightning speed and impeccable performance. SUPRA PLUS offers an exhaustive set of cash register features combined with the universal hardware connectivity, software accessibility, and computational speed that only DELPHI Language programming can deliver. Foreign Literature PosGuys Source: http://pos-systems-review.toptenreviews.com/pos-guys-review.html Findings: This point-of-sale company offers a large selection of POS hardware, software and supplies. It is also provides software for printing barcodes and managing inventory. According to Pamela S. Stevens, POS Guys offers both choice and flexibility. POS Guys provides everything for point-of-sale systems, from scales and kitchen monitors to age verifiers. POS Guys is one of the best full-service point-of-sale hardware and software providers online that offers a choice of components. The company offers numerous all-in-one systems, a wide range of hardware, a choice of popular POS software and three hardware support plans. In addition, you are not required to enter a payment processing agreement to obtain an affordable POS solution, so you have the freedom to shop around for the best rates. POS Guys is perfect for business owners who have a bit of startup capital and want the freedom to shop around for the best payment processor. Accupos Source: http://pos-systems-review.toptenreviews.com/accupos-review.html Findings: The system provides propriety software solutions for retail stores, grocers, restaurants, quick-service restaurants and bars. They also provide mobile POS software for Android devices and line-item accounting software integration. AccuPOS does not skimp on hardware. All full systems arrive with a touch screen PC, cash drawer, card reader and receipt printer. Retail POS bundles include barcode scanners. The retail entry-level version includes a single-line barcode scanner, while the deluxe version has an omnidirectional scanner and the grocery package includes an in-counter 52-line omnidirectional scanner. All but the entry-level system also include customer displays. This POS service’s accounting integration product, called AccuLink, is a unique tool. Most POS software can export CSV files and reports and accept CSV files of inventory or customer lists. Synthesis of Related Literature and Studies Much of the literature agrees that point of sale system is helpful, makes business transaction faster and easy and monitors everything in the business. According to EasyPos (Dpos) the point of sale system has various login profiles allow for certain levels of access to utilities, maintenance and reports. Serving staff is only allowed in order placing, managers to reports and administrator to maintenance. According to Supra Plus the point of sale system can generate any kind of reports that is needed by the user. PosGuy mentioned the point of sale system can print and read barcode. Accupos mentioned that the database of the point of sale can be backup and restored. CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY Method to be use in developing the system In this concept it focuses on the components and elements of a structure or a system and unifies them into a coherent and functional whole, according to a particular approach in achieving the objectives under the given constraints or limitations. The proponent’s software development may be used to refer to the activity of computer programming, which is the process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense of the term it includes all that is involved between the conceptions of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, ideally in a planned and structured process. Cash Purchase Customer Data Cash Flow Reports Stock Storage Input Data Figure 3.0 Context Flow Diagram Figure 3.1 Entity Relationship Diagram Entity Relationship Diagram The entity relationship diagram is a data modeling technique that graphically illustrates an information system’s entities and the relationships between those entities. In this diagram it shows the customers pay their bill while listing correspondent detail for the cashier that would input in the system then inform the owner whether the input is correct then the owner can update the data. Software Prototyping Model Prototyping Model is a systems development method (SDM) in which a prototype is built, tested and then reworked as necessary until an acceptable prototype is finally achieved. Prototyping is an attractive idea for complicated and large systems for which there is no manual process or existing system to help determining the requirements. In such situations letting the client â€Å"plan† with the prototype provides invaluable and intangible inputs which helps determining the requirements for the system. It is also an effective method to demonstrate the feasibility of a certain approach. This might needed for novel systems where is not clear those constraints can be met or that algorithms can be developed to implement the requirements. The process model of the prototyping approach is shown in the figure. Figure 3.2 Prototyping Model of Software Development System Analysis The phase where all possible system requirement to be developed are identified. System requirement are those set of functional and non-functional that the end-user expects from the system. There are tools in gathering the requirements, consultations, interviews, research, etc. The goal of this phase is to determine how this requirement will be accommodated in the system. There should be broad communication between the customer and the developer. Finally, a requirement specification document is created to serves the purpose of guideline for the next phase of the model. System Design Once all the requirements have been collected and analyzed, this time is to identify the system will be constructed to carry out their task. The system has to be properly designed before any implementation is started. This phase is focused on the data requirements, software construction and the system interfacing. This phase is also will define the hardware and software needed. The aim of this phase is to generate a system architecture document that serves as an input for the software design phase of the development, but also as an input for hardware design or selection activities. Respondents of the study The respondents of the study include the employees wherein the proponents prepare a set of carefully prepared and logically ordered questions. This respondent focuses on the company’s employees for a very important in a sense that this study is all about them. Primary User The primary user of the proponents is the cashier of facial care center that is responsible of selling and the one who are knowledgeable enough to answer  the problem. Secondary User The secondary user of the proponents is the owner of the facial care center that are more knowledgeable that can answer more detailed to the questions ask by the customers. The owner helps the employee to clarify and distinguish the gather data in the system. System Flow Chart Diagram Bibliography The Importance of Technology http://voices.yahoo.com/advantages-technology-education-12209998.html http://www.shelbyed.k12.al.us/schools/rms/faculty/wrodgers/technology%20int/students.html EasyPos (DPos) Point of sale system http://easypos.com.ph/ SUPRA RETAIL PLUS v2013 Point of sale system http://www.posworldphilippines.com/possoftwares.html POSGuys Point of sale system http://pos-systems-review.toptenreviews.com/pos-guys-review.html AccuPOS Point of sale system http://pos-systems-review.toptenreviews.com/accupos-review.html The Entity Relationship Diagram http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entity%E2%80%93relationship_model The Prototyping Model http://www.google.com/search?=q=prototyping+model http://www.thecorner.org%252Fcengin%52Fpromodel

Cultural Frame Essay Picasso

Evaluate the view that art reflects the social values of a particular time and place. â€Å"Painting isn’t an aesthetic operation; it’s a form of magic designed as a mediator between this strange, hostile world and us, a way of seizing the power by giving form to our terrors as well as our desires† this quote by Pablo Picasso allows the audience to delve deeper into his emotions and what has finally persuaded Picasso to enter the art world. Art reflects the social values of a particular time and place; this can be seen throughout many of Picasso’s artworks throughout time, and how he and his techniques have changed over the period of his career.Pablo Picasso was one of the twentieth century’s most famous artists. Picasso was born in Spain in 1881 and died in South France aged 92. During his life time Picasso had an enormous impact on the Western Art world. Guernica is a grey, black and white painting which reaches 3. 5 meters tall and 7. 8 meters wi de. The painting shows images of people and animals suffering as well as buildings destroyed by the violence and chaos. The painting is depicted within a room where there are animals and people all over the place, at an open end on the left a bull can be seen standing over a woman who is grieving over a lost child.The centre of the painting is occupied by a horse that is falling as it has just been struck. Picasso’s art work Guernica is one of the most well-known artworks he has completed; created in 1937 this picture depicts an image responding to the bombing of Guernica by the Germans and Italians during the Spanish Civil War. Throughout the work of Guernica we see images which connect Picasso to his homeland, Spain. One of Spain’s most well known icons is the use of the bull; the bull is seen as a brave animal and is used often as a symbol of struggle, courage and victory.Bulls have been seen throughout a number of Picasso’s works as they have close relations to his past, since his childhood he has loved the figure of the bull and has used it in many images throughout his career. Picasso uses the use of the bombing in Guernica as the main theme of his artwork, using history in his art making. Throughout Picassos painting career he went through a number of periods, Picasso’s Blue period (1900 – 1904) shows a time when Picasso painted mostly in shades of blue, these works were inspired by Spain even though they were painted in Paris.These works all seemed to reflect Picasso’s experience with relative poverty and instability. Picasso’s blue period represents him at a time when he was dealing with his depression after the shocking death of his friend, although he was not there to witness this event it still had a large impact on Picasso, the drama from this event emerged throughout several of his works. One of Picasso’s early works from his Blue Period was the Blue Nude created in 1902; this painting is a part of his blue period, it shows the talent that Picasso possesses as it still managed to highlight deep feelings with the use of only one colour pallet.Blue Nude depicts the image of a woman who is sitting with her back towards us holding her knees as if she is in the search for security and comfort. These artworks allow the audience to have a deeper understanding on how Picasso has changed over the course of his art life and how issues have impacted him on his painting styles and techniques. Picasso has used his memories and feelings in his art making to show the deeper meaning of society, throughout his blue period he painted a lot of the real, raw people of Paris (e. g. prostitutes, beggars and drunks) which shows what influenced him at the time.Another one of Picasso’s artworks is Bullfight: Death of the Toreador this artwork shows a clear indication to how Picasso has progressed and moved though his periods. The artwork is full of colour and incorporates his love of bu llfighting. Picasso often painted bullfights which were held on Sundays when he was unable to attend them. Interestingly this work was not painted in his home town, Spain, but painted in Paris. The painting depicts a grey house in a panicking state, the horse is painted with heavy brushstrokes which show a tonal contrast which enhances the moment we see the bullfighter’s death.The grey tones used on the horse makes the horse less obvious to the viewing audience. The presents of the horse and the man is taken up by the mass of red cape which twirls in between the bull and the fighter. The colour in this painting creates a powerful scene of energy, violence and death. This picture shows an influence to the Spanish culture, as mentioned before, the bull is an important part of the Spanish culture, the bull represents struggle, courage and victory, bull fighting was seen as a way to prepare for the war.By including the bull fighting scene in this artwork Picasso has added somethi ng which is important to him and his cultural background. Art reflects the social values of a particular time and place, Picasso show’s this through a number of his works. He has emphasised his values towards his culture by the symbols he uses in his artworks to make them personal (e. g. the bull and the use of blue tones) the personalisation of his works enable us to have a greater understanding of the message Picasso is trying to convey to the audience.

Characters and Symbolism in Cabaret essays

Characters and Symbolism in Cabaret essays Cabaret shows an interesting and tragic way that society can pay for an individuals escape from reality. The characters from the film demonstrate to the viewer how the people of Berlin suffer greatly from their attempt to escape reality. For through their own disillusions they allow the Nazi regime to come into power. As a consequence of this, society pays a price through suffering through the turmoil of the rule of the Nazi party. Sally Bowles is both an interesting and complex character. Her continuous illusion of wanting to be a big movie star demonstrates to the audience that she attempts to escape reality on a regular basis. Sally is so wrapped up in her own world that nothing seems to affect her. A key scene demonstrating this is when Maxs limo drives pass the Nazi bashing in the street. Bob Fosse has enhanced this seen by using freeze framing to give it a more dramatic effect and also create resent towards the Nazis. This seen also provides the viewer with an insight on Sallys unawareness of the outside world by showing her interrupting Maxs and Brians conversation, by saying Hey Max, can we go to the Bristol Bar...Im dying to show off my new fur coat. Whether Sally is just trying to be insular or ignore the facts it is clear that she is attempting to escape from reality. Sally distances herself from the problems of society through out the film. At the end this is made clear by her singing Life is a Cabaret to a packed audience of Nazis, without commenting or noticing. Clearly Sally is living the life of the Cabaret, constantly making her life to be something its not. She proclaims her father to be practically an ambassador when in reality the real truth is that he just doesnt care. Nothing affects her state of mind because she is constantly living in this dream world were a movie producer will whisk her...

Womens Liberation Movement †Definition and Overview

Women's Liberation Movement - Definition and Overview The womens liberation movement was a collective struggle for equality that was most active during the late 1960s and 1970s. It sought to free women from oppression and male supremacy. The Meaning of the Name The movement consisted of womens liberation groups, advocacy, protests, consciousness-raising, feminist theory, and a variety of diverse individual and group actions on behalf of women and freedom. The term was created as a parallel to other liberation and freedom movements of the time. The root of the idea was a rebellion against colonial powers or a repressive national government to win independence for a national group and to end oppression. Parts of the racial justice movement of the time had begun calling themselves the  black liberation. The term liberation resonates not just with independence from oppression and male supremacy for individual women, but with solidarity among women seeking independence and ending oppression for women collectively. It was often held in contrast to individualistic feminism. The individuals and groups were loosely tied together by common ideas, although there were also significant differences between groups and conflicts within the movement. The term womens liberation movement is often used synonymously with womens movement or second wave feminism, although there were actually many different types of feminist groups. Even within the womens liberation movement, womens groups held differing beliefs about organizing tactics and whether working within the patriarchal establishment could effectively bring about the desired change. Not Womens Lib The term womens lib was used largely by those opposing the movement as a way of minimizing, belittling, and making a joke of it. Womens Liberation vs. Radical Feminism   The womens liberation movement is also sometimes seen as being synonymous with radical feminism  because both were concerned with freeing members of society from oppressive social structure. Both have sometimes been characterized as a threat to men, particularly when the movements use rhetoric about struggle and revolution. However, feminist theorists overall are actually concerned with how society can eliminate unfair sex roles. There is more to womens liberation than the anti-feminist fantasy that feminists are women who want to eliminate men. The desire for freedom from the oppressive social structure in many womens liberation groups led to internal struggles with structure and leadership. The idea of full equality and partnership being expressed in a lack of structure is credited by many with the weakening power and influence of the movement. It  led to later self-examination and further experimentation with leadership and participation models of organization. Putting Womens Liberation in Context The connection with a black liberation movement is significant because many of those involved in creating the womens liberation movement had been active in the civil rights movement and the growing black power and black liberation movements. They had experienced disempowerment and oppression there  as women. The rap group as a strategy for consciousness within the black liberation movement evolved into consciousness-raising groups within the womens liberation movement. The  Combahee River Collective  formed around the intersection of the two movements in the 1970s.   Many feminists and historians trace the roots of the womens liberation movement to the New Left and the civil rights movement of the 1950s and early 1960s. Women who worked in those movements often found that they were not treated equally, even within liberal or radical groups that claimed to fight for freedom and equality. Feminists of the 1960s had something in common with feminists of the 19th century in this respect: Early womens rights activists such as Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton were inspired to organize for womens rights after being excluded from mens anti-slavery societies and abolitionist meetings. Writing About the Womens Liberation Movement Women have written fiction, non-fiction, and poetry about ideas of the 1960s and 1970s womens liberation movement. A few of these feminist writers were  Frances M. Beal, Simone de Beauvoir, Shulamith Firestone, Carol Hanisch, Audre Lorde, Kate Millett, Robin Morgan, Marge Piercy, Adrienne Rich, and Gloria Steinem. In her classic essay on womens liberation, Jo Freeman observed the tension between the Liberation Ethic and the Equality Ethic, To seek only equality, given the current male bias of the social values, is to assume that women want to be like men or that men are worth emulating...  It is just as dangerous to fall into the trap of seeking liberation without due concern for equality. On the challenge of radicalism versus reformism creating tension within the womens movement, Freeman goes on to say, This is a situation the politicos frequently found themselves in during the early days of the movement. They found repugnant the possibility of pursuing reformist issues which might be achieved without altering the basic nature of the system, and thus, they felt, only strengthen the system. However, their search for sufficiently radical action and/or issue came to naught and they found themselves unable to do anything out of fear that it might be counterrevolutionary. Inactive revolutionaries are a good deal more innocuous than active reformists.

Answer the five following questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer the five following questions - Assignment Example In the same way, a sense of likability arises as one is forced to view the advert till it ends. The advert therefore scores very well in terms of the best qualities of conventional adverts. 2) The company using alternative advertising is the clothing giant Barbour which is using quality as a way of advertising its products. The organization has realized that quality products will always sell and has therefore reduced the conventional forms of advertising. The focus in this regard is to ensure that each product is uniquely made and scores very high from the consumers. In essence, this strategy has over the years worked effectively for the organization and has enabled it to lead its industry. 3) One ethical dilemma in marketing was realized by Toyota in its decision to recall some of its brand that had defective components. Indeed, this was a hard choice to make for the organization but it had to be done. It was indeed a great ethical dilemma for the management due to the great costs that were involved and the need to uphold quality which has always guided the

Team Performance and Technology-Sheila Coursework

Team Performance and Technology-Sheila - Coursework Example In the context below certain modes of technologies are discussed to help enhance the performance of globally distributed teams. These are offices that are run online and they enable members situated in different parts of the globe to communicate and share official documents as if they were in the same office at that exact time that will help boost the performance of the teams. The technology uses advanced software that enables the members communicate from even within far places. Immediately a member gets online the other members get notified and this makes it easier to post questions and suggestions on certain projects worked on solely by a certain member (Bass, 2014). An example of this type of technology is the Groove Virtual Office where the members or workers tend to share information based on their work through online office, since everyone signs in and can provide their projects and other stuffs through mails or instant messages to the office. This engages those across the globe in that they don’t have to be there personally to attend forums or office proceedings and can instead do that on internet and air their views and suggestions that will help in the betterment of the organizations (Breugst, 2012). Groove virtual office has a number of advantages as well as disadvantages. Some of the noticed advantages are that all members are in a position to make follow ups on whatever transpired in their absence having signed into the office late since all the posts made by the other workers are displayed on the conversation thread enabling them to read to get conversant with. The technology is also one of the fastest means since the messages get delivered instantly to the workers mailboxes enabling faster feedback too. A notable disadvantage is that some members may not be able to sign in to the online office due to inadequate internet access in

Taxation Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Taxation Project - Essay Example Are legal entities whereby the income flows to owners or investors; implication that income is treated as either income of the owners or revenue for the investors (Siegel & Shim, 2010). Basing on the local tax regulations, the structure can avoid dividend tax and even the double taxation since only investors and owners are always taxed on the income. They are usually considered as non-entities for tax purposes since they are not taxed but taxation flow through to other tax returns. Types of flow through entities include limited partnership, general partnership, scheme corporations, limited liability companies and master limited partnerships. This is a partnership where some of the partners are general whereby they are entitled to manage and control business while other partners are limited to the contribution of capital only. A legal document that stipulates specific requirements are usually drawn up for limited partnership. It a partnership whereby almost all partners has gone limited responsibilities depending on the jurisdiction. In this partnership, no single partner is held responsible for another partner’s misconduct or rather negligence. It should be noted that pass through entities pass profit/loss to owners/investors/shareholders and therefore do not pay tax on its income. The owners of the pass-through entities move items on their income tax return. Partners in their individual capacity are subject to tax as per their distributed shares through the net income of the entity. When it comes to corporations, taxes are charged differently for other kinds of business structures. A corporation is the only business type that must pay its income tax on the profits generated during a particular fiscal period. It should be noted that corporate is a separate entity from its owners; the tax is charged on all profits than

Church Responses to the Sexual Revolution of the 1960s

Church Responses to the Sexual Revolution of the 1960s How did the Church of England respond to the sexual revolution of the 1960s? This subject is potentially vast in scope and could easily extend well beyond the structural requirements of this dissertation; certain parameters need to be established initially therefore. It seems the most appropriate place to begin would be to establish what the Church of England’s traditional views of sexual relationships was; after this we should examine the sexual revolution of the 1960’s before going on to discuss more directly its impact upon the church. At this point we will look at three of the most vexed, the Church’s views on the position of women in society and in the clergy,the position of homosexuals, and the church’s views on divorce and remarriage. Finally we will note some of the most significant long term impacts of the sexual revolution and of societies changing attitudes. There can be little doubt that there is more disagreement than ever,over the question of the relevance of the Bible and of Christianity for the understanding of human sexuality.   As in so many other areas of Christian practice, the traditional consensus has broken down and the issue is not fiercely debated. For many conservative Christians, the Bible remains the touchstone for how men and women are to understand and practice their sexuality and how family life, church life and social life are to be conducted.   For many others, however, the Bible has little or no authority as it is so obviously ‘old fashioned’ and‘out of date’ that its teachings cannot be relevant, credible or useful in modern society.   Yet more find themselves positioned somewhere between the two; caught between feelings of loyalty to the Bible and what it represents, and on the other a conviction that people in the modern world simply do not or cannot take the Bible seriously any more,particularly if interpreted literally, as those in the first group would do.    Arguably the most exciting recent development in the study of early Christianity has been the weakening of the traditional departmental divisions between secular and ecclesiastical historiography.   As soon as traditional historians started to turn away from exclusively studying military and political history, towards the study of social history; then, Christian texts became such a rich source of evidence that they could no longer be ignored.    Since the enlightenment, a question mark has been placed against the Christian heritage; scholars who turn their attention to early Christianity sometimes feel as thought hey are touching a raw nerve and can become tempted to overlay his own prejudices on the subject,instead of maintaining academic distance. In no area is this more true than in the study of sexuality – our attitude towards our own sexual natures and the moral and ethical problems it gives rise to. The extremely demanding and authoritarian teachings of the church on the subject of marriage, and the concomitant issue of sexual practice outside of marriage, is a significant part of our Christian heritage that is still very potent today; even amongst people and communities that outwardly reject it. It is this that provokes denunciation from the idealist and the secular historian alike; Edward Gibbon is perfect example of this: â€Å"The Enumeration on the whimsical laws, which they most circumstantially imp osed on the marriage bed, would force as mile from the young, and a blush from the fair.†Ã‚   In both his attitude and his tone, Gibbon has influenced many more recent historians. Robin Lane Fox,   for example, devoted the greater part of chapter of his work Pagans and Christians, to early Christian sexual morality with aâ€Å"fullness and relish that almost make up for a total lack of sympathy.†Ã‚   He describes virginity, for example, as â€Å"nothing but the most selfish of human ideals.†Ã‚   Wolfgang Leech, following on from the work of Gibbon, is also highly critical; stating that asceticism and intolerance are the two main contributions that Christianity has made to European culture.      It is upon this background that the work of Peter Brown has emerged.His essays on early Christian monasticism   and his The Body and Society   on sexual renunciation in the early church, takes on its full significance. Brown is also one of the aforementioned secular historians that posses no personal loyalty of affiliation to the Christian Church, who will increasingly dominate the study of the subject in the coming years. Brown’s approach, however, is significantly more tolerant than that of Gibbon and his successors. He is not dominated by the moral absolutes of the enlightenment; with its,often open, hostility to traditional Christian morality. For brown,history can be broken down into individuals who had the capacity to make free choices and exercise free will; whilst having a complete understanding of the consequences of their actions.    For Brown, the Kernel of traditional Christian sexual morality was the concern with single-mindedness, or purity of heart; a reorientation of an individuals’ will so that it would cease to serve the warring impulses of man, and respond, instead, to the will of God.   Brown goes on to note that it is hardly surprising that the ideal of purity of heart and of virginity became quickly inseparable, and that the leadership of Christian communities became the purview of a small,celibate, religious elite.    These suggestions of early Christian discipline may suggest penitential system that would have been more dominant and dictatorial than the early Church ever actually developed.   The rules of early Christian communities; with their broad ranging and unbending condemnation of adultery, fornication and homosexuality, appears to leave little room for flexibility. This inflexibility of the rules can only have had the effect that they could often simply not be applied.    In any discussion of the position of the Church on any matter, the writings of the New Testament can not be ignored. Our Lord’s own celibate state is explicit in the Gospels, and is an un-remarked corollary or his prophetic role.   Sexual morality receives distinctive and no-nonsense treatment in the dominical forbidding of divorce and the Pauline encouragement of virginity. The issue remains subordinate one, however, until a century later; but what was the origin of this concern with sexual purity that so came to characterise Christianity in general and the pre sexual revolution Church of England?    The most common answer to this puzzle is to place the blame squarely upon the shoulders of outside influences, largely from Hellenism. It is likely that the very first Christians had a thoroughly positive attitude towards sex and marriage, the replacement of this position by something diametrically opposed to it has to have been as a result of outside influence; specifically the dualism of Platonism with disintegration of the body and bodily pleasures.   On this point, Brown notes â€Å"I have frequently observed that the sharp and dangerous flavour of many Christian notions of sexual renunciation, both in their personal and their social consequences, have been rendered tame and insipid, through being explained away as no more than inert borrowings from a supposed pagan or Jewish background.†Ã‚      To ascribe whatever any given individual dislikes in the historical position of Christianity to outside influences, is so obviously tendentious device for preserving the truth and distinctiveness of Christianity, that it hardly requires and refutation by the historian.  The contrast between the sexually positive attitude of early Christian sand the bleak otherworldly Platonists is no less crude, foolish and absurd than the polar and once popular opposite; the contrast between acetic and sexual pleasure hating Christians and the pleasure lovingpagans.    It is of considerable interest, as the attitudes seem to haveremained relatively unchanged in the Church of England and the wider Church, to enquire into the attitudes towards sexuality and marriage in the Churches most successful early missions. The surviving source material relates to the aristocracy.   The task of attempting to discern the attitudes of the masses on any subject is difficult, but necessary.We must always be aware of the potential for crude stereotypes between Christian and pagan. Paul Venue   argued from epigraphic and literary evidence, however, that the first few centuries of the Christian era saw, not so much the replacement of Greco-Roman sexual mores objurgate ones as the development within both paganism and Christianity of what he calls the â€Å"bourgeois† notion of marriage wit hits strict stress upon fidelity. The reality, as Price notes,   is that it is â€Å"vain to seek to compare the values and attitudes of the‘average’ pagan with the ‘average’ Christian.†    The sexual discourse of early Christian writers differed from those of pagans to an extent in the early period. The ethics of telethons and Stoics alike laid stress upon self-control and upon the rational use of the mind; on the dominance of the intellect over the will; and , of course, of the subjugation of impulses and physical emotions. In general, however, the discourse of the philosophers on matters of sexuality was limited. We cannot, however, argue that pagans of the period had a remarkably relaxed attitude to the whole subject;this would be to misunderstand the distinctive character of the philosophical discourse of the time. This tended to concentrate so heavily upon the good of the soul that the needs of the body were neglected.    The distinctive sexual discourse of early Christianity has its origins, in large part, in the second century and thus post dates the New Testament. It would be a major mistake, however, to think that the debate occurred outside of the scriptures; a close reading of the letters of St. Paul show that the issue and thus Christian and eventually Church of England attitudes, were fed by a range of biblical themes.    The strengthening of the institution of marriage was also a central tenet of the early Church, as well as of Christianity and indeed of the Church of England today; however, the stress early writers placed upon virginity precluded a positive promotion of marriage. But in society,both ancient and modern, where marriage was firmly the norm, the institution could not have been negatively affected by the advocacy of celibacy, however enthusiastically argued. Christian writers and thinkers, then and now, have been keen to uphold monogamous marriage in the face of excesses in the opposite direction,   i.e. sexual indulgence and promiscuity.    The early Church, then, evidently laid a heavy emphasis upon sexual abstinence and purity of heart. The rules on these matters were unbending, although perhaps, in reality, not always obeyed. Adultery,fornication and homosexuality were expressly forbidden. Given the nature of the question, however, it seems appropriate to now turn our attention more specifically to the Church of England, and its traditional view’s on sexuality.    The traditional views of the Church of England are hardly different from those highlighted above, although hey have come under fire and indeed under review in recent years.   In 2003 the House of Bishops  published a guide to some aspects of the debate on human sexuality.  The report was commissioned three years previous to its publication date and is a weighty tome. The report sets out a variety of views of the Church of England on such topics as homosexuality, bisexuality fantasticality, as well as heterosexuality. The report and sought to restate Church of England policy on matters of sexuality whilst promoting reflection upon them. Although these issues will be discussed further later, it is important at this stage to note that the report did not advocate or suggest changes in Current Church policy.    Towards the end of the 1960’s; many people in Britain, particularly women, had come to believe that a sexual revolution was taking place. Angela Carter wrote, in 1969, that â€Å" the introduction of more or less100 per cent effective methods of birth control, combined with the relaxation of manners that may have derived from this technological innovation or else came from god knows where, changed, well,everything.†Ã‚   Rabble,   a contemporary of Carter and fellow novelist,argued similarly; stating, in the Guardian: â€Å"We face the certainty of asexual revolution.† She goes on to claim again that this is linked inseparably with the development of effective methods of contraception.Not all contemporaries of Carter and Rabble believed that a sexual revolution had occurred, however; for example Weeks   and Lewis   have argued that heterosexual sexual behaviour remained conservative during the late 60’s and beyond. The only measurable and record able change occurring in sexual behaviour was the rising incidence of premarital sexual intercourse. On the basis of the ample evidence that the unmarried insisted that they were only having sexual intercourse with their intended spouse, they dismiss the idea of a sexual revolution and claim it was nothing more than the continuation of an existing trend. Indeed, outside of the middle classes (see below), premarital sexual intercourse had almost certainly been a significant part of the courting ritual, reaching a low point around 1900, when survey records began, but rose back to more normal levels as the century progressed. During the 1960’s, however, with the advent of the birth control pill premarital sexual intercourse â€Å"became radical sexual behaviour,regardless of the intentions of those participating in it.†Ã‚      The sexual revolution of the mid twentieth century appears to have begun in the upper middle classes. This class can be characterised or defined by their ambiguous relationship with power. They do not feel as though they are influencing events, but they do enjoy sufficient economic, financial and cultural privileges to create a desire to maintain the social system.   They were willing participants, therefore,only in a revolution with regard to their private lives. Members of this class can be further characterised as working hard and paying high taxes, but with no chance of moving further up the social ladder described them as being of the ideal class for Marcus; although these analyses would have to be differentiated in terms of masculine and feminine to include how female emancipation and revolt have played a part in the sexual revolution.      Before they became merged into the middle classes, the aristocracy had a pre-bourgeois morality. Like the bourgeoisie, the urban and rural working classes had never been under the impression that they were in any way in control of their lives; this would seem to be particularly relevant to women. For a long time, the working classes seem to have been highly suspicious of the permissiveness of the liberal morality of the privileged classes.      This necessarily brief analysis of the middle classes should give usa basis from which to understand one of the characteristic elements of the sexual revolution; the withdrawal from the exterior world into private sphere of family on the one hand and sexual partner(s) on the other. This movement can be seen in the every day life of middle class people living in their homes or flats with their nuclear families,withdrawn into itself. At work, as well as in the daily drudgery of the commute to work, the middle class person (man or woman) of the 1960’sand beyond, had hardly any real control over their lives: to attempt to compensate for this to some degree, by experimenting in his private,family and sexual life.   But, in the ever developing consumer society that was coming into existence even in the 1960’s, the experiments were limited and resulted in very little real change.      We should now return our attention to the issues of the sexual revolution. As mentioned earlier, the development of the contraceptive pill was a significant contributory factor in the changing moral position, particularly among women; but even before the arrival of the pill, increasing use of contraception and new attitudes to sexuality were combining with anxiety about rising illegitimacy figures, to provoke comment from some elements of society on the existence of premarital sex and the denial of contraception to unmarried women.   We can also place premarital sexual relationships within the context of other sexual activity that was occurring outside marriage in the late 1950’s.The 1957 report, published by the Wolfed Committee on homosexual offences and prostitution, recommended that behaviour that took place in private between consenting adults should be decriminalised but that legal penalties for public displays of sexual behaviour should be strengthened.   Esse ntially, although it was never actually illegal,that was the already existing position as regards women and premarital intercourse. Premarital sexual intercourse was carried out in private between consenting adults. The sanctions imposed by the society of the late 50’s were severe enough to ensure that it had to be covert and concealed, but it was certainly never illegal. If the women became pregnant as a result of her sexual activity, the judgemental of society was heavy; she would have been, essentially, a social outcast. Having the child was also the only outcome of pregnancy as abortion was illegal at the time. Having an illegitimate child was highly stigmatised and something that was avoided at all costs, it was treated almost like having a criminal record.   A combination of the almost50,000 illegitimate children born a year at the very beginning of the60’s, and the introduction of the birth control pill that removed the most obvious side effects of promiscuity ; a new openness was forced upon an unwilling populace, and by the end of the 1960’s this had resulted in general public acceptance of the hitherto private and hidden sexual activity.    The Wolfed report, mentioned above, placed a great emphasis upon self control and self restraint; important values in the 50’s and earlier. With supreme irony, any publicity given to the report, and any public discussion of sexual behaviour that it may have generated were seen as examples of a lack of restraint by many people. Such‘mainstream’ thinking was, however, of decreasing effect; by the end of the 50’s, increasing numbers of people were discussing such matters and felt no stigmatism for doing so. A number of historians have discussed the debates of the time and they need not concern us too greatly here:  but what these historians’ accounts lack is any sense of how the discussion changed throughout the 60’s. As the decade wore on, it became increasingly permissible to discuss sex and sexual behaviour in public. An excellent example of this is given by an examination of the British Medical Associations annual magazine, Family Doc tor produced supplement entitled: Getting Married. The 1959 edition of this publication contained two articles that caused great offence at the time: The first by a Dr. Wilmington containing a seemingly lighthearted question â€Å"are you a bride and are you pregnant too?†Ã‚   reference to the rising rate of pregnancies occurring outside of marriage. The second article, by a Proof. Chess er, suggested that using contraception, like the newly developed pill, successfully removed the problems that arose from sexual activity outside of marriage; he wen ton to argue that â€Å"people should have the right to choose between being chaste and unchaste as long as society does’t suffer†.   Chess er’so pinions were strongly disapproved of in many newspapers of the day,for example the Daily Mail, the Daily Express, the People, the Women’Mirror and the Sunday Graphic.   These newspapers had a very considerable combined circulation, and thus very wide reach . The Daily Express alone had a readership of over four million in the early 60’s.  The story was not only taken up by the national press, but by the provincial press too, and also, of course, by the religious newspapers:   needless to say the coverage was almost universally negative. The publishers, the British Medical Association, withdrew the issue   with its offending article from circulation after only 2 days.  The article was later reprinted twice, first of all in the New Statesman and then by Chess er himself.   Even after republishing the article, Chess er himself evidently felt compelled to note   that he wa snot condoning or advocating promiscuity or premarital sexual activity;even in the early 60’s a medical professional could not openly argue for such things.    An excellent indication of the sexual morals of the time is given by an incident in 1960. Penguin Books were prosecuted under the Obscene Publications Act for the first full and unabridged version of Lancaster Lover by D. H. Lawrence.   The prosecution ultimately failed; but Ralph,   who later edited a transcript of the trial, later wrote that quite quickly the prosecution became about the promiscuous and adulterous behaviour of the eponymous character. Ralph reported that thirteen episodes of physical sexual activity wee described in detail in the book using â€Å"four letter words†.   The defence succeeded in arguing that, although the sexual relations noted above did occur outside of marriage, Lawrence presented them as pure and holy.   The trial received extensive news coverage, and sales of the Penguin edition were suitably boosted.    Evidence, such as that presented above from novels and marriage manuals; show us that, by 1960, those who were the most forward thinking and sexually progressive in society accepted Lawrence’presentation of sex, even adulterous sex, as justified by love. Along with the success of Lawrence’s novel in the Penguin edition, the Sunday Pictorial   serialised a sequel called Lady Chastely’s Daughter;which, because of its popularity, went on to be published as a novel.    The idea that sexual relations outside of or marriage could be validated by love was not a new one; however, the idea that the presentation of the suggestion that new and different approaches to sex should not be vilified in the national news media, was new. Briggs comments that â€Å"what distinguished [the decade of the early 60’s]from others in the history of broadcasting was that the BBC as an institution- with [Hugh] Greene as its Director General -considered it necessary to align itself with change.†Ã‚   An example of this can be found in the BBC’s annual Rebirth Lectures series of 1962: in this year the lectures were given by Professor G. M. Car stairs, a psychiatrist and academic, he was asked to present a series of lectures on the subject of â€Å"the state of the nation, in the light of changes, which have come about in the community and private life since the beginning of the century.† The most notable lecture for an understanding of the B BC’s role in changing sexual morality was the third: Corsairs that pre-marital licence has been found to be quite compatible with stable married life.†Ã‚   The BBC had a very wide audience, although largely middle class, the press coverage that this produced reached a much wider audience. Mary White house initially began her crusade of opposition to changing sexual morals as a result of this new direction from the BBC.      The changes in the attitude of the BBC, and of society in general,did not escape the attentions of the Church of England. Some controversial Anglican theologians, such as the Bishop of Woodlice,revealed that the newly developing sexual standards and beliefs were being seriously debated within the Church of England. In 1963 he wrote:â€Å"nothing can of itself be labeled ‘wrong’. One cannot, for instance,start from the position ‘sex relations before marriage’ or ‘divorce’are wrong or sinful in themselves. They may be in 99 cases or even 100cases out of 100, but they are not intrinsically so, for they only intrinsic evil is lack of love.†Ã‚   The Church of England appears to have had little or no relevance to the sexual revolution that was occurring in the late 50’s and early 60’s; however, the Mass-Observation surveys  of the 1940’s did indicate that even a nominal adherence to Christianity correlated very clos ely with larger families and a more restrictive approach to sexual behaviour. It is probably true that the position of and statements from the Church of England reached and were listened to be a greater proportion of the population than is usually thought to be the case. Church of England’s Reaction to the Sexual Revolution.   The 60’s undoubtedly saw an erosion of moral authority, not just of Christian morality, but also of a consensus based morality, generally seen by the mainstream of society as correct and upheld by society as aw hole. This was a morality that ensured single women should not obtain contraception without any need to legislate that this should be the case. The Perfume affair in 1963 in which he was revealed to have been engaging in sexual intercourse with an escort gave a huge push to the belief in the growing hypocrisy of the establishment and the need for anew morality.      Probably the first substantial change in the theoretical construction of the morality of sexuality came in Alex Comfort’s Sex in Society,first published in 1950 but only achieving success with its republication in 1963.   The impact of the book was no doubt aided by the author’s appearance on a BBC discussion program defending premarital sex.   Several prominent and traditionally conservative Anglican Bishops responded, among them Canon Bentley, to what was becoming known as the new morality. In 1965 Bentley described Comfort’views as follows: â€Å"When your son brings a girlfriend on a visit, will you say to your mother in law, ‘Do take a tray of lemonade into the garden for Charles and Mary; they’Ave been playing tennis all day,’ and next morning inexactly the same tones, ‘Do leave a tray down the passage for Charles and Mary; they’Ave been playing sex all night’? This looks like Dr .Comfort’s hope because he tells us we ought to know that sex is the healthiest and most important human sport.†    Comfort probably made a greater contribution to the development of the new debate on sexual morality than anyone had done since Lawrence.The major difference between the two was that Comfort did not accept that love, in the form of a monogamous sexual relationship, legitimised sex. Comfort argued that sex was a physical pleasure, not too dissimilar to eating. He went on to argue that people should indulge as much as they wished, as long as they were considerate of the feeling sand morality of others, and that they took the necessary precautions to ensure no children wee conceived.   Canon Bentley responded to this position of Comfort by asking â€Å"can we actualise these hopes in the1960’s? Alas no; for the key to realising this ideal is a wholly foolproof form of contraception.†Ã‚   Evidently the Canon did not see the birth control pill in this light, many others, however, did; including Comfort himself.   Thus, by even the mid 60’s there were debates raging on sexual mores both within the Church of England, and in the general population. These debates; whilst in many ways theoretical, presented people   with very real choices and possibilities, with regard to how they were to live their lives.    One of the major effects of these debates; caused in no small way by the Church of England, combined with extensive media coverage of the birth control pill was that, for a great number of young women, the idea of the pill was just as important as its reality. This can be seen by In gram, a journalist and author, who went back in the late 70’s to visit with her 11 plus class; girls who were in their late teens in the early 60’s, about growing up in that decade. She describes the publicity given o the pill as â€Å"our generation was growing up with the knowledge that somewhere out there existed a contraceptive which promised you would be able to get away with it, in the way only men had before.†Ã‚   There were, obviously, alternative models to that advocated by the Church of England, and young women were increasingly aware of their choices; this is not to say, however, that they would exercise their choices, they may well have agreed with the Churches teach ings on the subject. It should be noted that the sample was of grammar schoolgirls, not typical among the population as a whole. As more educated women they were, perhaps quite naturally, aware of their choices and women in this social group wee the first unmarried women to be taking the contraceptive pill.   This theory supports the assertion made earlier in this dissertation that the sexual revolution occurred primarily, or at least initially, among the middle classes. The refusal to prescribe the pill to young women such as these, created an issue around which debates on sexuality and sexual morals could conducted.    In the early 60’s there was increasing awareness, through books,television, plays, newspapers etc. of the distress and depression that unwanted pregnancy generally has on women. It was believed that unmarried mothers had personality problems or character disorders and were treated accordingly.   Adoption caused many women, then and now,lasting grief and was thus not desirable from the point of view of the mother. Illegal abortions became increasingly popular, with women attempting to self terminate with increasing frequency to avoid the social stigma attached to being an unmarried mother. The only acceptable response to becoming pregnant whilst unmarried was to marry as soon as possible, certainly before the child was born. This would certainly have been the wish of the Church and indeed of mainstream society too. Many such marriages simply did not last however.   The Rise of ‘Feminist Theology’ and the Church of England’s Reaction.    It is impossible to separate Christian theology from the social aspects of the Church of England in the era in which the theology is produced. It should also be recognised that while the Bible will always be the final and permanent authority within the Church of England;theology, like the very Church itself, is in constant need of reform and renewal: the sexual revolution was such an era of reform,particularly with regards to the role of women in society and in the Church.    The Church’s teachings on the relationship between men and women could be argued to have historically owed more to the social nature of the Church, rather than to any biblical references. Many observers have noted that traditionally, the Church of England has taught equality of the souls in the afterlife, but inequality of the sexes in this world,and certainly within the church.   Throughout almost all of its history,   the Church of England has been a patriarchal institution based upon defining the male as superior to the female. Through its sexually distinguished ‘doctrine of man’ the church has, for centuries legitimised laws and structures in society which secured male rule and demanded female subservience and obedience.      Within the Church of England, however, there have been an increasing number of women and men who have discovered the seeds of equality within the pages of the Bible and have come to believe in the equality of the positions of women and men as being intrinsic to the Bible.  Many Christian women had, until relatively recently, felt a discrepancy between the gospel from which they drew strength and inspiration; and the church which severely restricted their life and prevented then from joining the ministry. Feminist theology, therefore, has essentially existed as long as there have been women who have drawn their faith from the Bible in ways that were counter cultural   to the prevailing attitudes of Church of England.    Modern feminist theology did not begin within the Church of England,but in the USA at the end of the 1960’s. It has its roots, primarily in the experiences of Christian women living under the pressure of ideology and structures, claimed by the patriarchal leaders of the church to be the eternal will of god as seen in the gospels.   This modern feminist movement has created a far better c